Japan on Thursday announced that it will lift tough Covid restrictions on foreign tourists, reopening the borders after two and a half years.

"Finally, Japan will reopen the border," Digital Minister Taro Kono wrote on Twitter.

"Visa waiver is back, no daily limit and free individual visits."

He made the announcement ahead of a speech at the New York Stock Exchange by Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, who is attending the UN General Assembly and is expected to offer details on the easing of entrance rules.

Japan, along with China, has been a holdout in continuing tough restrictions on visitors as much of the world has moved on from the pandemic.

Japan, by contrast, never imposed a strict lockdown during the pandemic.

Tourists who will come to Japan will enjoy a weak yen, which has plummeted so low against the dollar that the finance ministry earlier Thursday intervened in the currency market for the first time since 1998.

The return of the visa-waiver programme suspended in March 2020 will restore the ease of access that saw a record 31.9 million foreign visitors to the country in 2019.

Since June, Japan has allowed tourists to visit in groups accompanied by guides, a requirement that was further relaxed to include self-guided package tours.

The cautious approach to reopening has been deliberate, said James Brady, Japan analysis lead at the US-based Teneo consultancy.

Kishida "took office a year ago knowing that perceived mishandling of the pandemic had been a key factor in undermining public confidence" in his predecessor's government, Brady told AFP.

"He has been extremely careful not to repeat those mistakes."

Japan has recorded around 42,600 virus deaths in total -- a vastly lower rate than many other countries -- and 90 percent of residents aged 65 and over have had three vaccine shots.

There is no law requiring people to wear masks, but they are still near-ubiquitous in public places like trains and in shops, with many Japanese willing to sport masks when ill even before the pandemic.

While the return of mass tourism should give a "slight bump" to Japan's economy, the benefits are likely to be limited by China's zero-Covid policy, Brady said.

"Much of the economic benefit pre-pandemic came from high numbers of Chinese visitors coming and spending lots of money on tech products, cosmetics," he explained.

But "currently, Chinese citizens face their own travel restrictions at home and won't be traveling to Japan in large numbers".

There is "pent-up demand" for travel to the country, however, according to Olivier Ponti, vice president of insights for travel analytics firm ForwardKeys.

"Searches for travel to Japan reached their highest point this year at the end of August," and while flight bookings were just 16 percent of 2019 levels in early September, "we'd expect bookings to jump" when the visa rules are scrapped, Ponti said.

Demand from Europe may still be subdued "due to the increase in the cost of living in Europe caused by the Russian-Ukraine crisis plus the rising fuel costs driving up air travel costs", said Liz Ortiguera, CEO of the Pacific Asia Travel Association.