Ramadan: Who is exempted?

Ramadan, the holiest month in Islam, is a period of fasting, prayer and reflection. It is a time when Muslims worldwide strengthen their faith, seek forgiveness and increase their acts of charity.

However, not everyone is required to fast, as there are exemptions based on health and circumstances.

According to Sheikh Abdul Mpindi, the imam of Kisaasi mosque, fasting during Ramadhan is a religious obligation for all adult Muslims who are physically and mentally capable.

“The fast is mandatory for every sexually mature Muslim, except those who have valid reasons to be exempted,” he says.

Who should fast?

Sheikh Abdu Rahman from Matugga mosque in Wakiso district, says fasting is an obligation for all adult, sane Muslims. However, Islam grants exemptions to certain groups of people.

The sick and those with chronic illnesses

“If someone is suffering from an illness that could worsen due to fasting, they are allowed to break the fast. They can make up for it later when they recover,” Sheikh Rahman says.

However, those with chronic or incurable illnesses that prevent them from fasting must provide food to the poor as compensation. “For every missed fasting day, they should donate food equal to what they eat daily,” he adds.

Pregnant and breastfeeding women

Pregnant and breastfeeding mothers who fear that fasting could harm their health or that of their child are allowed to postpone their fast. Sheikh Mpindi explains, “Islam does not impose hardship on believers. If fasting poses a risk, a mother can defer it and make up for it later.”

Menstruating women

Women who are menstruating are not required to fast. “They should resume fasting once their period is over and make up for the missed days after Ramadan,” says Sheikh Rahman.

Travellers on long journeys

Muslims undertaking long journeys can delay their fast. However, Sheikh Mpindi advises that the journey should be significant enough to cause hardship. 

“If someone is travelling a long distance and fasting would weaken them, they are permitted to break the fast and make up for it later,” he says.

What to do during Ramadan?

Fasting during Ramadan is more than just abstaining from food and drink, it is also a time for spiritual growth and good deeds.

Increased prayer and recitation of the Quran

“Muslims should dedicate more time to prayer, especially performing Taraweeh at night,” says Sheikh Mpindi. He encourages believers to read and reflect on the Quran daily.

Charity and helping the needy

Ramadhan is a time of generosity. “Giving to the poor is highly rewarded during this month,” Sheikh Rahman says. He urges Muslims to share food with those in need and offer financial support where possible.

Avoiding sinful behaviour

Sheikh Mpindi reminds Muslims that fasting is not just about food but also about self-discipline. “Lying, backbiting, and anger should be avoided. Fasting should purify the heart and actions,” he says.

Ramadan is a sacred month that brings blessings and spiritual renewal. While fasting is obligatory for most Muslims, Islam provides exemptions for those unable to fast.
However, they must either make up for the missed days or compensate by feeding the needy, ensuring that the spirit of sacrifice and charity remains alive.