Already under the yoke of inflation and product scarcity, many Cubans don't know how they will cope with a new 500% surge in fuel prices.

The communist island's cash-strapped government announced the five-fold increase Monday with effect from February 1, as part of a series of measures seeking to cut its budget deficit.

The cost of a litre of regular gasoline will rise from 25 pesos (20 US cents) to 132 pesos, while the price of premium gasoline will jump from 30 to 156 pesos, it said.

To buy ten litres of fuel for his motorbike -- enough for a week -- Domingo Wong told AFP he would now have to fork over half his monthly salary of about $21.

"Ten litres is what I use in a week without doing anything special, just the daily: going to work, bringing my daughter to school, visiting my sister," the 57-year-old building guard said as he waited patiently in line to fill up his bike.

State-owned companies and private carriers will be able to buy fuel "at wholesale prices," which will increase by 50 per cent, Transport Minister Eduardo Rodriguez said on Tuesday.

He added that most public transport fares will maintain "their current prices", but announced major increases in domestic airline tickets and inter-province bus fares.

The nation of 11 million people is experiencing its worst economic crisis since the collapse of the Soviet bloc in the 1990s due to the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic, the tightening of US sanctions in recent years, and structural weaknesses in the economy.

According to official estimates, the Cuban economy shrank by two per cent in 2023, while inflation reached 30 per cent in 2023. Independent experts say this is likely an underestimation.

Fuel and other basics are already hard to come by.

Cuba's government, which subsidizes almost all essential goods and services, already intimated last month it would have to increase fuel prices.

"The country can not maintain the price of fuel, which is the cheapest in the world," said Economy Minister Alejandro Gil.

The government on Monday also confirmed a 25% rise in the price of electricity for major residential consumers, as well as an increase in the price of natural gas.

Many Cubans now fear even worse inflation.

"Prices in general will increase because even the food we eat depends on transport," motorbike taxi driver Rafael Olivier, 21, told AFP in Havana.

Javier Vega, a 33-year-old driver for a ride-hailing company, said he feared the effect on trip prices in a country where public transport is already limited due to a shortage of fuel and car parts.

Energy Minister Vicente de la O Levy said the price hike was exactly meant to curb shortages, "to buy fuel" and have "a stable supply."

Authorities also announced tourists will now pay for fuel in foreign currency, also in short supply, and said the Central Bank was considering adjusting the exchange rate against the dollar.

The peso has been devalued twice since 2021.

Economist Omar Everleny Perez told AFP that fuel may be cheap in Cuba compared to the rest of the world "but if you compare it with salaries in the country, it is very expensive."

"Our purchasing power is not enough, it will affect all of us," said independent worker Juan Antonio Cruzata, 59.

The average Cuban salary is the equivalent of about 40 dollars per month.